University of Tehran Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1104 32 2 2021 05 01 Expression Analysis of and Genes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients 115 120 79105 10.22059/jsciences.2020.310939.1007576 EN Omid Ghasemi Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Fatemeh Karami 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Iman Salahshourifar Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Mohammad Reza Nooridaloii Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Journal Article 2020 09 29 Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still one of the leading cancer related death, worldwide. Owing to the critical role of ALDH1 isoforms in pathogenesis of cancers and controversies in previous reports, the present study was conducted to determine the expression of two challenging <em>ALDH1</em> isoforms in OSCC tissue samples. RNA was isolated from 30 OSCC and normal fresh tissues margins and then was converted to cDNA using Thermo Scientific™ Fermentas cDNA synthesis kit. Reverse Transcription Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-Real time PCR) was performed on synthesized cDNA using primer pairs specific to <em>ALDH1A1</em> and <em>ALDH1A3 </em>genes. It was found that the <em>ALDH1A1 </em>mRNA expression was significantly higher in OSCC samples compared to normal margins (P-value= 0.001). <em>ALDH1A1 </em>and <em>ALDH1A3</em> expression was significantly associated with alcohol drinking (P-value= 0.01) and smoking (P-value=0.008), respectively. There was no correlation among ALDH1A1 and <em>ALDH1A3</em> expressions and clinicopathological features (p-value>0.05). Confirmation of the over-expression of<em>ALDH1A1</em> isoformin OSCC samples maybe indicating that it plays critical role in pathogenesis of OSCC. However, owing to the discrepant findings on the association of <em>ALDH1A1</em> expression with clinicopathological features, further studies are required to identify its role as driver or passenger carcinogenic alteration and its exact association with smoking. https://jsciences.ut.ac.ir/article_79105_95891bdf42f995381d27b5187e798f24.pdf