University of Tehran Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1104 32 4 2021 12 01 Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Hydroxyl-Capped Tellurium Nanoparticles 321 330 82136 10.22059/jsciences.2021.321284.1007641 EN R Mirjani Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran N Setayesh Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Mohammad Ali Faramarzi Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran M Sharifzadeh Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran M Khoshayand Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran B Zare Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran O Sabzevari Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Reza Shahverdi Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Journal Article 2021 03 31 In this study, we used a simple green method for preparing tellurium nanoparticles and mainly evaluated their toxicological effects. The nanoparticles were synthesized using lactose and characterized with different instrumentation methods. The <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> cytotoxicity of tellurium nanoparticles and its effect on lipid profile were also evaluated. Hydroxyl-capped tellurium nanoparticles were successfully fabricated by lactose. The results showed spherical tellurium nanoparticles with a mean size of 89 nm. The toxicological study showed that the tellurium nanoparticles did not exhibit any toxicity on the primary cells. The LD<sub>50</sub> values for the nanoparticles were 327 and 295 mg/kg for oral and intraperitoneal administrations, respectively. Also, the results showed a significant reduction in liver enzymes at the 16, 24, and 40 mg/kg doses. Hematological parameters indicated no significant suppressive changes between the animals that were administered tellurium nanoparticles and the control group. In addition, the effects of tellurium nanoparticles on hypercholesterolemic risk factors in mice fed with cholesterol demonstrated the depletion of triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein. This study showed that the toxicity of tellurium nanoparticles was lower than tellurium ions. Furthermore, tellurium nanoparticles decreased the cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the animal model. Tellurium, Nanoparticles Green Synthesis Toxicity cholesterol https://jsciences.ut.ac.ir/article_82136_d15ab5c8f80f3cb78e4f00ac8490ea3d.pdf