Abstract

Chronic urinary tract infections are often caused by antibiotic resistant
bacteria. In some of these cases, prediction of the most effective antibiotic (s) may
urgently be needed. This can not be achieved unless the nature and patterns of the
resistance to antibiotics among the pathogenic bacteria has been described earlier.
The urine samples that reached the laboratory of Shaheed Mustafa Khomeini
Hospital (SMKH) during a two-year period were screened for the incidence,
nature, percentage and patterns of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Theresultsshowed
that about 92% of the total isolates were related to the Enterobacteriacae group and
more than 94% of these strains were resistant to two or more antibiotics
simultaneously. Nalidixic Acid, Amikacin, and Nitrofurantoin were classified as
the most effective antibiotics. While Ampicillin, Cephalothin and Carbencillin
were found to resist more than75% of the totalisolatedpathogens. The percentages
of resistance to other antibiotics ranged between 41% and72% These results suggest
that more restrictions should be imposed on the sale and/or use of antibiotics
in Iran.