Punctuationlism and Gradualistic Evolutionary Trends of Eight Phylogenetic Lineages of Maastrichtian to Eocene and Recent Benthic Foraminifera from the Tethys

Anan, Haidar Salim

doi:10.22059/jsciences.2020.272232.1007353

Document Type : Original Paper

Author

Haidar Salim Anan

Former vice president of academic affairs- Al Azhar University Gaza, Palestine

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsciences.2020.272232.1007353

Abstract

Minor differences in the morphology of the test, wall structure, arrangement of chambers and apertures, size are recognized as being of decisive specific or subspecific value. Twenty four phylogenetic lineages were produced by puncuated equilibrium and gradualistic evolutionary trends which observed within 50 benthic foraminiferal species and subspecies belonging to 18 genera throughout the Maastrichtian to Priabonian forms in Tethys as well as one recent species by the present authors and others. In this study, new eight lineages are presented: Clavulina parisiensis d'Orbigny ˃ C. pseudoparisensis Anan, Laevidentalina granti (Plummer) ˃ L. salimi Anan, Lenticulina carinata (Plummer) ˃ L. turbinata (Plummer) ˃ L. chitanii (Yabe and Asano), Percultazonaria ameeri Anan ˃ P. allami Anan, Percultazonaria alii Anan ˃ P. longiscata (Nakkady), Percultazonaria wadiarabensis (Futyan) ˃ P. tuberculata (Plummer), Palmula woodi undulata Nakkady ˃ P. w. woodi Nakkady, Gavelinella b. brotzeni Said and Kenawy ˃ G. brotzeni paleocenica Said and Kenawy. These lineages help, not only to define the major faunal changes at the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) and the Paleocene/Eocene (P/E) boundaries, but also to emphasis the stratigraphic importance of them in different localities in the Tethys.

Keywords

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Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran

Punctuationlism and Gradualistic Evolutionary Trends of Eight Phylogenetic Lineages of Maastrichtian to Eocene and Recent Benthic Foraminifera from the Tethys

References

References

2. Anan H.S. Accelerated evolution in representatives of the genera Orthokarstenia and Discorbis (Benthic foraminifera) in the Maastrichtian and Paleocene of Egypt (Misr). N. Jb. Geol. Paläontol. Mh. 6: 365-375 (1998).

3. Anan H.S. A lineage phylogeny for some Maastrichtian to Ypresian benthic foraminifera in Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 4: 39-57 (2004).

4. Anan H.S. Contribution to the Egyptian benthic foraminifera around the Paleocene / Eocene boundary in Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 10: 25-47 (2010).

5. Anan H.S. A lineage phylogeny from some Cretaceous-Tertiary agglutinated benthic foraminiferal species in Egypt and Tethys. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 12: 59-72 (2012).

6. Anan H.S. Review on spatio-temporal distribution of three benthic foraminiferal species from Egypt and Tethys. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 14: 65-72 (2014).

17. Sztrákos K. Eocene foraminifers in the Adour Basin (Aquitaine, France): biostratigraphy and taxonomy. Rev. Micropaléontol. 43 (1-2): 71-172 (2000).

18. Anan H.S. Littoral Recent foraminifera from the Qossier-Marsa Alam stretch of the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Revue de Paléobiol. 3 (2): 235-242 (1984).

20. Anan H.S. Paleontology, paleoenvironments, palaeogeography and stratigraphic value of the Maastrichtian-Paleogene and Recent foraminiferal species of Anan in the Middle East. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 11: 49-78 (2011).

26. Ali M.Y. Micropaleontological and stratigraphical analyses of the Late Cretaceous/ Early Tertiary succession of the Southern Nile Valley (Egypt). Der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ruhr-Universität Bochum vorgelegte Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines, p. 1-197 (2003).

28. Anan H. S. Paleontology and paleogeography of the Paleogene benthic foraminiferal species of Plummer in Egypt and other Atlantic-Tethyan regions. J. Tethys. 5 (3): 272-296 (2017).

29. Anan H.S. Paleontology and stratigraphical distribution of suborder Lagenina (benthic foraminifera) from the Middle-Late Eocene Mazyad Member of the Dammam Formation in Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates, Northern Oman Mountains. Rev. Paléobiol. 28 (1): 1-18 (2009).

30. Barr F. T. and Berggren W.A. Lower Tertiary Biostratigraphy and Tectonics of Northeastern Libya. Geol. Libya. 1: 163-192 (1980).

34. Berggren W.A. and Aubert J. Paleocene benthonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, paleobiogeography and paleoecology of Atlantic-Tethyan regions: Midway-type fauna. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 18: 73-192 (1975).

37. Ansary S.E. Report on the foraminiferal fauna from the Upper Eocene of Egypt. Publ. l’Institut Desert d’Egypt. 1-160 (1955).

38. Aly H.A., Abd el-Aziz S.M. and Abd El-Gaied, I.M. Middle and Upper Eocene benthic foraminifera from Wadi Bayad El Arab-Gebel Homret Shaibon area, Northeastern Beni Suef, Nile Valley, Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 11: 79-131 (2011).

44. Anan H.S. Paleocene benthonic foraminifera of Jabal Malaqet, Al Ain region, United Arab Emirates. Al-Azhar Bull. Sci., Al Azhar Univ., Cairo. 4 (1): 293-320 (1993).

Volume 31, Issue 1
March 2020
Pages 63-73

Punctuationlism and Gradualistic Evolutionary Trends of Eight Phylogenetic Lineages of Maastrichtian to Eocene and Recent Benthic Foraminifera from the Tethys

References

References

2. Anan H.S. Accelerated evolution in representatives of the genera Orthokarstenia and Discorbis (Benthic foraminifera) in the Maastrichtian and Paleocene of Egypt (Misr). N. Jb. Geol. Paläontol. Mh. 6: 365-375 (1998).

3. Anan H.S. A lineage phylogeny for some Maastrichtian to Ypresian benthic foraminifera in Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 4: 39-57 (2004).

4. Anan H.S. Contribution to the Egyptian benthic foraminifera around the Paleocene / Eocene boundary in Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 10: 25-47 (2010).

5. Anan H.S. A lineage phylogeny from some Cretaceous-Tertiary agglutinated benthic foraminiferal species in Egypt and Tethys. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 12: 59-72 (2012).

6. Anan H.S. Review on spatio-temporal distribution of three benthic foraminiferal species from Egypt and Tethys. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 14: 65-72 (2014).

17. Sztrákos K. Eocene foraminifers in the Adour Basin (Aquitaine, France): biostratigraphy and taxonomy. Rev. Micropaléontol. 43 (1-2): 71-172 (2000).

18. Anan H.S. Littoral Recent foraminifera from the Qossier-Marsa Alam stretch of the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Revue de Paléobiol. 3 (2): 235-242 (1984).

20. Anan H.S. Paleontology, paleoenvironments, palaeogeography and stratigraphic value of the Maastrichtian-Paleogene and Recent foraminiferal species of Anan in the Middle East. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 11: 49-78 (2011).

26. Ali M.Y. Micropaleontological and stratigraphical analyses of the Late Cretaceous/ Early Tertiary succession of the Southern Nile Valley (Egypt). Der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ruhr-Universität Bochum vorgelegte Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines, p. 1-197 (2003).

28. Anan H. S. Paleontology and paleogeography of the Paleogene benthic foraminiferal species of Plummer in Egypt and other Atlantic-Tethyan regions. J. Tethys. 5 (3): 272-296 (2017).

29. Anan H.S. Paleontology and stratigraphical distribution of suborder Lagenina (benthic foraminifera) from the Middle-Late Eocene Mazyad Member of the Dammam Formation in Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates, Northern Oman Mountains. Rev. Paléobiol. 28 (1): 1-18 (2009).

30. Barr F. T. and Berggren W.A. Lower Tertiary Biostratigraphy and Tectonics of Northeastern Libya. Geol. Libya. 1: 163-192 (1980).

34. Berggren W.A. and Aubert J. Paleocene benthonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, paleobiogeography and paleoecology of Atlantic-Tethyan regions: Midway-type fauna. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 18: 73-192 (1975).

37. Ansary S.E. Report on the foraminiferal fauna from the Upper Eocene of Egypt. Publ. l’Institut Desert d’Egypt. 1-160 (1955).

38. Aly H.A., Abd el-Aziz S.M. and Abd El-Gaied, I.M. Middle and Upper Eocene benthic foraminifera from Wadi Bayad El Arab-Gebel Homret Shaibon area, Northeastern Beni Suef, Nile Valley, Egypt. Egypt. J. Paleontol. 11: 79-131 (2011).

44. Anan H.S. Paleocene benthonic foraminifera of Jabal Malaqet, Al Ain region, United Arab Emirates. Al-Azhar Bull. Sci., Al Azhar Univ., Cairo. 4 (1): 293-320 (1993).

Volume 31, Issue 1March 2020Pages 63-73

Volume 31, Issue 1
March 2020
Pages 63-73